I like to call The Hemingway Series the “Aston Martin” of cigars. From the Short Story to the Work of Art, only the most experienced Fuente rollers produce these perfecto sized gems. The selection of tobaccos contained in all styles represents the best of the best of vintage years. The combination of Cameroon, Connecticut Broadleaf, Ecuador Sungrown and Dominican leaves is a closely guarded secret that many others have tried to duplicate without success.
These dark and oily medium bodied, perfectly balanced cigars are difficult to find and worth the search. Numerous 90+ ratings over the decades is a testament to a cigar that is still unmatched. The Arturo Fuente Hemingway Maduro edition gives you just a bit more of a robust and richer taste than its Cameroon wrapped counterpart. Get any one them when we have them!
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic
Factory: Tabacalera A. Fuente y Cia
Wrapper: Connecticut Broadleaf Maduro
Binder: Dominican Republic
Filler: Dominican Republic (Hemingway Blend)
EP Carrillo has proven itself to be the two time winner of the cigar industry’s most coveted award – 1# Cigar of the Year by Cigar Aficionado, once for 2018 for the Encore Majestic and now for 2020 for the Pledge Prequel. Enjoy these award winning cigars plus the La Historia TAA Exclusive in a 5 count sampler!
This amazing cigar sampler contains: 2-Pledge Prequel, 2-Encore Majestic and 1 La Historia TAA Exclusive
All our samplers come in a sealed humidified bag to guarantee freshness .
Romeo y Julieta 1875 White is one of this renowned company’s best selling cigars…..HANDS DOWN!
When this original 1875 line was launched it rapidly became one of the country’s top sellers. Over the years Altadis continued adding many more sizes and shapes while achieving consistently high ratings along the way. With attention to detail, this cigar’s blend truly achieves a sweet spot and unanimous acceptance among countless smokers.
Cigar Aficionado rates this legendary medium bodied cigar a more than respectable 92. Their description is short and sweet and still stands.”This cigar delivers big, chewy notes of nougat, pistachio and almonds fortified with leathery intonations. Rich and elegant.”
If you are one of the very few smokers that have not yet tried these universally loved cigars, what are you waiting for? From the small coronas to the enormous Exhibicion #1, any size you choose will be a top pick for sure!
Country of Origin: Dominican
Wrapper: Indonesian Sumatra
Binder: Dominican Piloto
Filler: Dominican Piloto and Olor
Blender: Grupo De Maestros
See all the Romeo y Julieta cigars available at The Cigar Thief HERE
Alec Bradley Fine & Rare 2021 is one of a very exclusive series of annual releases from this great company.
With attention to detail, this masterpiece consists of a Honduran Criollo ’98 wrapper from the Trojes region, together with binders from Honduras and Nicaragua and seven Nicaragua and Honduras fillers. No doubt the Find & Rare pushes the boundaries of cigar blending. The rating results are no surprise. Cigar Coop @ 92 and Halfwheel @ 91 are just for starters.
To sum up, Alec Bradley Fine & Rare 2021 is only available in a 7-inch-by-50-ring-gauge Churchill of 11 count boxes. The box comes with an eleventh bonus cigar enclosed in a coffin called the BC-(13)4EV-B. The size, shape and exact blend details for the extra cigar are a mystery, as brand owner Alan Rubin wants the size and shape to be a surprise for smokers who purchase the box.
If you do purchase the 5 pack, please note that it includes the bonus cigar called the BC-(13)4EV-B. Please keep in mind that these special cigars have only 2500 boxes in circulation.
See all the Alec Bradley cigars available at The Cigar Thief HERE
Learn more about the Alec Bradley cigar company HERE
Check out the Cigar Aficionado ratings for these amazing cigars HERE
Country of Origin: Honduras
Factory: Fábrica de Tabacos Raíces Cubanas S. de R.L.
Wrapper: Honduras (Criollo 98)
Binder: Honduras & Nicaragua
Filler: Honduras & Nicaragua
This Blackbird Assorted Cigar Sampler features:
This edition was personally created by Dunbarton’s owner Steve Saka and is a testament to his refined skills as a Master Blender. While a few may categorize this stick in the medium to full bodied taste range, I think it’s safe to state those folks are real tough guys. This is an unadulterated full flavored, Cuban style powerhouse. There’s no doubt this is Dunbarton’s strongest blend yielding a rich, robust spicy and peppery taste. The four vintage leaves contained in this cigar that are assembled at the Joya De Nicaragua factory produce a spectacular smoke for even the most seasoned smokers.
Origin – Nicaragua
Filler – Nicaragua
Binder – Nicaragua
Wrapper Type – , Nicaraguan Sungrown Criollo
The Fantastic Foursome Sampler is now available! Get 4 of the best cigars that Arturo Fuente produces in one amazing sampler. These cigars are some frequently out of stock gems that are sure to please the proper aficionado. Try one of these today and maybe find a favorite new cigar…you’d be CRAZY not to!
Sampler Includes
1x – Fuente Fuente Opus X Double Corona
1x – Arturo Fuente Hemingway Maduro Untold Story
1x – Arturo Fuente Hemingway Classic
1x – Arturo Fuente Magnum Rosado R 54
Wrapper: Nicaraguan Habano Rosado
Binder: Nicaraguan
Filler: Nicaraguan
Drew Estate Freestyle Live Kit – $45
Flat Shipping Fee – $10
I like to call The Hemingway Series the “Aston Martin” of cigars. From the Short Story to the Work of Art, only the most experienced Fuente rollers produce these perfecto sized gems. The selection of tobaccos contained in all styles represents the best of the best of vintage years. The combination of Cameroon, Connecticut Broadleaf, Ecuador Sungrown and Dominican leaves is a closely guarded secret that many others have tried to duplicate without success. These medium bodied, perfectly balanced sticks are difficult to find and worth the search. Numerous 90+ ratings over the decades is a testament to a cigar that is still unmatched. This Natural version was the one that started it all!
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic
Factory: Tabacalera A. Fuente y Cia
Wrapper: Cameroon
Binder: Dominican Republic
Filler: Dominican Republic
Blackened M81 is an amazing collaboration from Drew Estate, rock band Metallica, and the Super Premium BLACKENED American Whiskey Company. This remarkable effort led by Master Blender Willie Herrera has produced a spectacular bold new smoke for those who love power, flavor, and strength! This blend is ALL MADURO to the core. Wrapper, Binder, and Filler are all aged, dark, oily, vintage leaves.
To illustrate how great this cigar is, here we go. Rated 90 at Cigar Coop and scored 92 at Cigar Authority. Came in at 92 by Stogie Press. And more importantly, a chart topping 94 at Cigar Aficionado.
Country of Origin: Nicaragua
Wrapper: Mexican San Andrés Maduro
Binder: Connecticut Broadleaf Maduro
Filler: Nicaragua and Pennsylvania Broadleaf Maduro
Factory: La Gran Fabrica Drew Estate
Blender: Willy Herrera
The Padron 50th Anniversary Maduro Sampler features:
This sampler ships free and in a resealable humidified bag.
Padron 50th Anniversary Humidor Refill is one of this iconic company’s most exclusive offerings ever!
These limited production and registered humidors initially released in 2014 commemorated the celebration of Padron’s 50th Anniversary with an production of 1,000 chests. At that time the humidor and cigars together cost over $5,000.00
The cigars contained in these very expensive humidors were expertly crafted to the highest degree. Their unique blend is full-bodied, complex, but balanced and created exclusively to celebrate Padron’s 50th Anniversary. Aged a minimum of ten years, the 50th Anniversary cigar is available in sun-grown natural or maduro wrapper. Each Refill consists of 50 – 52 x 6 1/2 sized perfectly made vitolas. And just so you know Cigar Aficionado rated the Natural @ 94 and the Maduro @ 93.
It’s a sure bet that what we have will not be around forever!
Currently, only the Padron 50th Anniversary humidor refills are available for purchase on our website. The Humidor is not included with the cigars.
Check out all the Padron Cigars available on The Cigar Thief HERE
Take the band off this Connecticut wrapped cigar, give it to your buddy, let him light it up and get it going and then tell him it’s about a $3 smoke! General Cigar produced Las Estrella to give us a value priced BOXED cigar worthy of any occasion.
It’s mild to slightly medium bodied in taste with an even burn.
Origin – Nicaragua
Filler – Coming Soon!
Binder – Coming Soon!
Wrapper Type – Connecticut
Factory Smokes Maduro is one of four of Drew Estate’s entries into the ever growing handmade Budget-Value category for all of us to enjoy for under $2 a stick!
With attention to detail, all Factory Smokes are made by hand. The big difference is the tobacco inside is made up of mixed fillers available at the factory. To put it another way, these leaves are the same crop used in their premiums! And on top of this, Factory smokes were created by Master Blenders Willie Herrera and Jonathon Drew himself!
This darkly wrapped beauties are medium bodied in taste with hints of dark chocolate and espresso. They have a great draw like the others and burn well.
Check out the other three blends of Factory Smokes available on The Cigar Thief HERE
Country of Origin: Nicaragua
Wrapper: Nicaraguan Maduro
Binder: Indonesia
Filler: Indonesia
Factory: La Gran Fabrica Drew Estate
Blenders: Willy Herrera, Jonathan Drew
The Fuente Fuente Opus X 2020 Arena d’Amor (5 x 52) is the result of a partnership between Fuente and Zainal Mohebi Holdings, the company’s distributor in the UAE, and the Meerapfel family, which handles the company’s distribution outside of the U.S.
This super rare and very exclusive cigar will not be around for long. If you consider yourself a connoisseur and haven’t tried them, here’s your chance!
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic
Factory: Tabacalera A. Fuente y Cia
Wrapper: Dominican Republic
Binder: Dominican Republic
Filler: Dominican Republic
If you don’t know that Ashton VSG is one of the Aston Martins of the cigar world, please check out the Ashton company offerings on our site. If you do and you want to treat yourself to this amazing cigar in five different sizes….PLEASE DO! And to those of you that know a self proclaimed cigar aficionado in need of a well deserved gift, you’ve found a winner! Ashton VSG Sampler Box includes:
1 x Ashton VSG Sorcerer (7.0″x49)
1 x Ashton VSG Torpedo (6.5″x55)
1 x Ashton VSG Wizard (6.0″x56)
1 x Ashton VSG Robusto (5.5″x50)
1 x Ashton VSG Eclipse (no tube) (6.0″x52)
Padron 1926 Series ‐ Maduro is one on the most sought after cigars worldwide from this legendary company.
The multi award-winning 1926 Series premiered in 2002 to commemorate José O. Padrón’s 75th birthday. With attention to detail, these cigars are individually hand-crafted from five year old tobacco. This vintage blend creates an exceptionally smooth, complex, balanced and full-bodied flavor. The dark Maduro wrapper adds just a bit of welcomed sweetness to the already amazing smoking experience this cigar offers.
In other words, no matter what size or style, Padrons medium to full bodied cigars are always consistently perfect in every way. With a smooth draw, large volume of smoke and robust taste that increases in intensity along the way, it’s no wonder this company’s products are always difficult to find. Rightfully expensive and worth every penny. With this in mind, you just can’t go wrong with a Padron.
Check out all the Padron Cigars available on The Cigar Thief HERE
Not sure of of what to give a cigar lover? Look no further than this serious “Meat and Potatoes” selection with three of the most coveted brands in history. Priced right! The Altadis Iconic Brand Assortment includes:
1 – H. Upmann 1844 Reserve Toro (6” x 54)
1 – H. Upmann The Banker Annuity (6” x 52)
1 – H. Upmann Vintage Cameroon Toro (6” x 54)
1 – Montecristo Classic Toro (6” x 52)
1 – Montecristo Monte Toro (6” x 52)
1 – Montecristo Platinum Toro (6” x 50)
1 – Romeo y Julieta 1875 Exhibicion #3 (6” x 50)
1 – Romeo y Julieta Reserva Real Toro (6” x 54)
1 – Romeo y Julieta Vintage Toro (6” x 50)
Look no further for a great gift that travels well over long distances and can be kept fresh long after its arrival. We sell this highly rated, mild tasting stick on our site. It’s a favorite for folks that enjoy a smooth , enjoyable smoking experience. The Perdomo 4-Pack Champagne Humidified Sampler includes:
4 – Perdomo 10th Anniversary Champagne Epicure (6”x54)
Davidoff 702 series is one of the many masterpiece creations of this iconic Swiss company. Utilizing a proprietary Ecuadorian wrapper , the 702 series represents one of the company’s signature blends that connoisseurs have been enjoying for years.
When the highly critical folks at Cigar Dojo bestowed the 702 with an astounding 95 rating, they described it best “The Davidoff 702 delivers primary tasting notes of berry, cedar, cream, earth, espresso, leather, pecans, and pepper. Unusually complex, flavorful, and smooth, the cigar produces a smoking experience that triggers all of the five senses of taste—sweetness, sourness, saltiness, bitterness, and the highly-elusive umami.” What more do you need to know about this amazing cigar? No doubt, it’s a medium to full bodied flavor bomb that produces a thoroughly enjoyable smoking experience.
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic
Wrapper: Ecuadorian 702
Binder: Dominican Piloto Seco
Filler: Dominican Piloto Seco | Dominican San Vicente Visus | Dominican Olor Seco
Factory: Cidav Corp, Inc. (Cigars Davidoff – Dominican Republic)
The renowned Davidoff Signature Series is a highly rated favorite of connoisseurs the world over. This exquisite cigar is a joy from start to finish. With this in mind, Davidoff describes their well made creation perfectly. “Signature is ideal for novices and aficionados in the mood for a smooth and sophisticated cigar.”
If you’re a fan of Davidoffs famous White Label, the Signature Series is a must try for sure!
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic
Wrapper: Ecuadorian Connecticut
Binder: Ecuadorian Hybrid
Filler: Dominican Republic
Factory: Davidoff
To begin with, the Fuente Rosado Sungrown line contains the family’s legendary Dominican fillers and binder. The big difference here is the wrapper. With attention to detail, the leaves are exclusively grown for these cigars. What’s more important is they’re aged for 10 years! To sum up, the result is a medium to slightly full bodied smoke that’s smooth and rich.
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic
Wrapper: Ecuadorian Connecticut Sun Grown
Binder: Dominican Republic
Filler: Dominican Republic
Factory: Tabacalera A Fuente y Cia
Blender: Carlito Fuente
Adding a near black Connecticut Broadleaf Maduro wrapper to the Natural style edition’s fillers and binder raises the needle on the taste meter into medium to full bodied territory. So if this stick’s light coated sister doesn’t give you enough strength, here’s your choice.
Origin – Dominican Republic
Filler – Dominican – Nicaraguan
Binder – Nicaraguan
Wrapper Type – Connecticut Broadleaf
Origin – Nicaragua
Filler – Nicaraguan
Binder – Nicaraguan
Wrapper Type – Ecuador Sumatra
The VSG is the Bentley of the Ashton Brand. This sometimes hard to locate 94 rated cigar takes you to a whole different level of taste. This is without question an amazing full flavored cigar that rivals many Cubans with a big difference….
It’s super smooth while being very complex. If you consider yourself a connoisseur and haven’t tried one, you’re not a connoisseur!
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic
Factory: Tabacalera A. Fuente y Cia
Wrapper: Ecuadorian Sumatra “Cloud Grown”
Binder: Dominican Republic
Filler: Dominican Republic
Top 10 Cigars of the Year – Cigar Aficionado, 2013
Top 10 Cigars of the Year – Cigar Aficionado, 2009
Top 10 Cigars of the Year – Cigar Aficionado, 2007
Top 10 Cigars of the Year – Cigar Aficionado, 2004
Top 25 Cigars of the Year – Cigar Aficionado, 2020
Top 25 Cigars of the Year – Cigar Aficionado, 2010
94 Rated – Cigar Aficionado, March 2023
Viaje Skull and Bones is a rarely found cigar from this boutique company.
With attention to detail, this entry produces a very flavorful medium to full boded smoking experience. As it moves along the strength elevates to the very robust level. Hence, this cigar is not recommended for newcomers. Those that do smoke it receive an array of flavor notes among the overall strength. Think hardwoods, herbal intonations, hints of dried fruit and heaps of natural tobacco taste.
With that said, Skull and Bones is favorite with seasoned smokers and aficionados at large. So, as you would expect, they come and go frequently.
All we can say is…..Get ’em when we got ’em!
Wrapper: San Andres Mexican
Binder: Dominican
Filler: Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, USA
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic (PDR Cigars)
See all the Viaje Cigars available on The Cigar Thief HERE
AJ Fernandez Last Call Habano is one of this company’s best cigars you never knew about.
Rarely can you find a value priced cigar produced by one of the world’s greatest artisans, let alone AJ Fernandez. With attention to detail, Last Call Habano features Nicaraguan tobaccos grown at A.J. Fernandez’s farms in Esteli, Nicaragua. This short, stout little guy with an uncut foot has garnered high ratings as a medium to full bodied powerhouse. The bonus is costing under $6!
So how does the Last Call fare with aficionados? The results speak for themselves. Halfwheel @91, Cigar Authority @90 and Cigar Coop @90. Enough said!
Country of Origin: Nicaragua
Factory: Tabacalera Fernandez S.A.
Wrapper: Ecuadorian Habano Rosado
Binder: Nicaragua
Filler: Nicaragua
Check out other AJ Fernandez cigars available on The Cigar Thief here!
AJ Fernandez Enclave Connecticut is a very unique addition to this popular line.
With attention to detail, this International Edition cigar consists of selectively aged Nicaraguan tobacco wrapped in an Ecuadorian grown Connecticut wrapper. Without a doubt, this blend makes it perfect for any time of the day. Cigar Lovers Magazine rates it a respectable 91 and describes it well. “Overall, the Enclave Connecticut delivers a balanced smoked, boasting a broad flavor profile. The flavor profile is rich and structured and intense, and fulfilling.”
You may find yourself looking for this cigar for a while. But fear not, we have it.
Wrapper: Ecuador grown Connecticut
Binder: Nicaragua
Filler: Nicaragua
Check out other AJ Fernandez cigars available on The Cigar Thief HERE!
Here’s all you need to know about JFR Lunatic Habano cigars. Aganorsa farms in Central America has been growing Cuban Seed tobacco for over 30 years utilizing Cuban Growing techniques even including Cuban farmers overseeing the harvest to insure quality. They’re a supplier to major brands like Padron among many others. When they decided to produce their own brand everyone in the industry got interested. The JFR Lunatic Habano was named the #7 cigar for 2018, with a 93-point rating. This medium bodied smoke is packed with flavor from its 52 ring size Robusto all the way up to an 70 ring sized Gordo.
As you would expect, this amazing edition got rated 97 and become the 2nd of the top 25 cigars in 2015 beating out a bunch of Cuban competitors. With that said, this stick is remarkably complex yielding a medium to very full bodied taste that gains a noticeable intensity as you move along. If you’re a My Father’s fan, it’s a must try. If you’re new to the fold, try a five pack of the perfectly made Box Pressed Torpedos and prepare to see God!
Origin – Nicaragua
Filler – Nicaraguan
Binder – Nicaraguan
Wrapper Type – Habano Oscuro
The Winston Churchill line of cigars was introduced as a tribute to Sir Winston Churchill, the famous British Prime Minister. The differences of this Late Hour edition and the original are many. The Nicaraguan Condega Visus tobacco aged in Single Malt Scotch barrels brings a mysterious sweetness and intensity of flavor. This, together with two different Dominican Visus filler tobaccos and a dark Mexican binder creates a rich robust smoking experience.
Davidoffs Winston Churchill The Late Hour has been highly rated throughout the industry for good reason. These perfectly made medium to full bodied cigars offer connoisseurs a thoroughly enjoyable smoking experience from start to finish.
Country of Origin: Dominican Republic
Factory: Cigars Davidoff
Wrapper: Habano Ecuador
Binder: San Andres Negro (Mexico)
Filler: : Dominican (Olor Viso, Piloto Seco and San Vicente Mejorado Viso), Nicaraguan (Condega Viso aged in Single Malt Scotch Barrels, Estelí Viso)
Origin – Mexico
Filler – Nicaraguan and Mexico
Binder – Nicaraguan and Mexico
Wrapper Type – Mexican
Like it’s (Blue) Connecticut edition sister, this dark version is not to be feared! While the Broadleaf wrapper used on this well made stick ups the needle on the flavor meter into the medium bodied range, it still remains smooth with a tiny bit of very mild spice. If you have the the whole day to kill smoking one cigar, get a five pack of [8×70] Tycoons!
Origin – Dominican Republic
Filler – Dominican Republic
Binder – Dominican Republic
Wrapper Type – Connecticut Broadleaf
This Montecristo Limited Edition Sampler is for every aficionado and discerning cigar smoker alive!
Without a doubt, we have put together five of the best Montecristo cigars ever made! You can check out all the high ratings if you don’t believe us. With attention to detail , this Montecristo Limited Edition Sampler is securely packaged and sealed to keep the cigars perfectly fresh when you get them.
Now that we’ve got your attention, here’s what’s included. You’ll get one each of the following masterfully crafted Montecristo cigars:
-Espada Oscuro Guard
-Crowned Heads Ciudad de Musica Corona Gorda
-Politico Pepe Mendez Robusto
-Reserva Negra (well-aged!) Churchill
-Artisan 50th TAA Exclusive Toro
To sum up, this sampler is perfect as a personal humidor stuffer for yourself as well as a great gift for the cigar lover in your life. Believe us, they will thank you very much!
See all the Montecristo cigars available on The Cigar Thief HERE
Origin – Dominican Republic Filler – Dominican and Nicaraguan Binder – Ecuadorian Sumatra Wrapper Type – Cameroon Africa
After years of planning San Cristobal line was launched in 2007. Crafted by famed Master Blender Jose “Don Pepin” Garcia along with the owners of the Ashton brand. The Revelation blend is a medium to slightly full bodied and well balanced Cuban style smoke.
Wrapper: Ecuadorian Sumatra
Binder: Nicaraguan
Filler: Nicaraguan
Davidoff Year Of The Rabbit 2023 marks the eleventh execution of Davidoff’s yearly celebration of a Chinese zodiac. The blend of the Limited Edition consists of well-aged filler tobaccos with an average maturity of 4-5 years.”
The extraordinary blend of this Limited Edition consists of well-aged filler tobaccos with an average maturity of 4,5 years. This highly anticipated Year of the Rabbit Limited Edition for 2023 is pleasing loyal aficionados and collectors around the world…….when they can get their hands on them!
Get them while we have them!
Wrapper: Ecuador – Hybrid 238
Binder: Mexico – Negro San Andres
Filler: Dominican Republic – Yamasa Visus / San Vicente Ligero / San Vicente Seco / Piloto SecoFiller:Nicaragua – Esteli Seco
Size: 5-15/16” x 54 Perfecto
Kentucky Fire Cured Original Flying Pig is a cigar like no other and a size that must be tried to be believed!
With attention to detail, the blend features Kentucky seed tobacco, grown and fire cured in Kentucky, along with Nicaraguan and Brazilian fillers. The cigar is then wrapped with a Mexican San Andres wrapper to round out the flavor profile. What makes this Flying Pig size so great is how slow and even the burn is. The thick ring produces heaps of aromatic smoke yielding the signature taste of this fire cured process. And don’t forget, Flying Pigs are not available on a regular basis. Get them while have them!
Check out additional Kentucky Fire Cured blends we have HERE
So you think you have a seriously loved , real cigar aficionado in your life in need of a well deserved gift? Arturo Fuente’s Don Carlos line is held as one of the world’s best offerings. This very highly rated God of Fire edition is one of the pinnacles of full flavor, complexity and smoothness. God of Fire Serie B 5-Cigar Sampler contains:
1 – God of Fire Serie B Robusto SG (5.2″ x 50)
1 – God of Fire Serie B Robusto Gordo SG (5.5″ x 54)
1 – God of Fire Serie B Double Robusto Maduro (5.7″ x 52)
2 – God of Fire Serie B Gran Toro Maduro (6″ x 56)
While this edition offers conventional 44-54 ring sizes it’s the 60 and 67 ones that stole the show. This blend is medium to full bodied with a rich tasting very slow burn.
Origin – Honduras
Filler – Honduran
Binder – Nicaraguan
Wrapper Type – Nicaraguan Habano
When you have a chance, click on the “Ask Richie” icon on the upper part of the screen and read my “Bundles of Joy” submission. You’ll then understand how important the valued priced bundle category has been to both cigar makers and lovers.
This edition is one of the best Cuban styled full flavor smokes available for the price. It’s well made with a great draw yielding a robustly satisfying smoking experience across the board.
Origin – Dominican Republic
Filler – Dominican
Binder – Dominican
Wrapper Type – Sumatra
